{"id":54771,"date":"2020-05-25T09:34:40","date_gmt":"2020-05-25T09:34:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/\/les-usa-bloquent-la-fourniture-de-puces-a-huawei\/"},"modified":"2020-05-25T09:34:40","modified_gmt":"2020-05-25T09:34:40","slug":"les-usa-bloquent-la-fourniture-de-puces-a-huawei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/les-usa-bloquent-la-fourniture-de-puces-a-huawei\/","title":{"rendered":"Les USA bloquent la fourniture de puces \u00e0 Huawei"},"content":{"rendered":"

La nature mondialis\u00e9e de la fabrication de puces et l’omnipr\u00e9sence des logiciels EDA et \u00e9quipements de fabrication am\u00e9ricains signifient que les \u00c9tats-Unis prennent effectivement le contr\u00f4le de l’offre de puces de Huawei. L’intention est d’emp\u00eacher la progression de Huawei pour des raisons de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le minist\u00e8re du Commerce.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cette d\u00e9cision court clairement le risque de provoquer un cycle pr\u00e9judiciable d’escalade et de repr\u00e9sailles dans une guerre commerciale entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et la Chine.
\nLa d\u00e9claration du Bureau de l’industrie et de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (BIS) a sp\u00e9cifiquement mentionn\u00e9 Huawei et a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que Huawei avait tent\u00e9 de saper les contr\u00f4les \u00e0 l’exportation des \u00c9tats-Unis en utilisant des fonderies externes pour fabriquer ses puces. Le BIS a ajout\u00e9 Huawei et 114 soci\u00e9t\u00e9s affili\u00e9es \u00e0 l’\u00e9tranger \u00e0 la liste appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0liste d’entit\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb en mai 2019 et a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que Huawei avait continu\u00e9 d’utiliser les logiciels et de la technologie am\u00e9ricains pour concevoir et fabriquer des semiconducteurs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les autorit\u00e9s chinoises ont r\u00e9agi en mena\u00e7ant d’interdire les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s am\u00e9ricaines comme Apple, Qualcomm et Cisco sur le territoire chinois.<\/p>\n

\u00abMalgr\u00e9 les actions d\u00e9finies par la \u00ab\u00a0liste d’entit\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb que le D\u00e9partement a prises l’ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re, Huawei et ses filiales \u00e9trang\u00e8res ont intensifi\u00e9 leurs efforts pour saper ces restrictions bas\u00e9es sur la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un effort d’indig\u00e9nisation. Cependant, cet effort d\u00e9pend toujours des technologies am\u00e9ricaines\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le secr\u00e9taire Commerce Wilbur Ross, dans un communiqu\u00e9. \u00ab\u00a0Ce n’est pas ainsi que se comporte une entreprise citoyenne mondiale responsable. Nous devons modifier les r\u00e8gles exploit\u00e9es par Huawei et HiSilicon et emp\u00eacher les technologies am\u00e9ricaines de permettre des activit\u00e9s malveillantes contraires \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale am\u00e9ricaine et aux int\u00e9r\u00eats de la politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re. \u00ab\u00a0<\/p>\n

Suivant: TSMC sera durement touch\u00e9e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

La possibilit\u00e9 de modifier les r\u00e8gles avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9voqu\u00e9e (voir T<\/a><\/span>rump cherche \u00e0 nouveau \u00e0 bloquer la Chine<\/a> <\/span>). \u00c0 cette \u00e9poque, on pensait que ces changements de r\u00e8gles seraient g\u00e9n\u00e9riques, m\u00eame si l’on supposait g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement que l’objectif vis\u00e9 \u00e9tait Huawei, qui est devenue la plus grande soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d’\u00e9quipement de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications au monde et le leader des communications 5G. Les \u00c9tats-Unis ont interdit l’achat d’\u00e9quipement Huawei sur leur sol au motif qu’il pourrait \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 pour espionner les utilisateurs par l’\u00c9tat chinois. Les \u00c9tats-Unis ont \u00e9galement fait pression sur d’autres pays pour qu’ils adoptent la m\u00eame position. Huawei a toujours ni\u00e9 qu’il pourrait agir de cette mani\u00e8re.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le BIS a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que les conceptions de semiconducteurs produites par Huawei et sa filiale HiSilicon seraient soumises aux r\u00e9glementations de l’administration des exportations. Ces produits n\u00e9cessiteront une licence des \u00c9tats-Unis s’ils doivent \u00eatre export\u00e9s ou transf\u00e9r\u00e9s vers Huawei ou l’un de ses affili\u00e9s. Le BIS a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que la condition ne s’appliquerait aux d\u00e9marrages de fabrication dans les Fabs qu’\u00e0 partir du 15 mai 2020. Les fournisseurs ont un d\u00e9lai de gr\u00e2ce de 120 jours pour terminer et exp\u00e9dier les fabrications en cours.<\/span><\/p>\n

Huawei a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que la d\u00e9cision des \u00c9tats-Unis \u00e9tait totalement injustifi\u00e9e et que malgr\u00e9 son inscription sur la \u00ab\u00a0liste des entit\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb il y a un an, elle avait continu\u00e9 de se conformer \u00e0 toutes les r\u00e9glementations. Elle ferait d\u00e9sormais tout ce qui \u00e9tait en son pouvoir pour trouver une solution par rapport aux derni\u00e8res restrictions mais que celles-ci impacteraient in\u00e9vitablement son activit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le changement aura probablement le plus grand impact sur TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Hsinchu, Taiwan). Huawei comptait pour environ 14% des ventes de TSMC en 2019 <\/span>(pr\u00e8s de 4 milliards USD) et de la Chine dans son ensemble environ 20% (voir <\/span>HiSilicon breaks into top ten chip vendor ranking<\/a>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Cependant, TSMC devrait se conformer pleinement aux restrictions am\u00e9ricaines renforc\u00e9es et, en effet, le jourm\u00eame o\u00f9 celles-ci ont \u00e9t\u00e9 annonc\u00e9es, TSMC a annonc\u00e9 ses plans de construction d’une Fab 5nm en Arizona, soutenant ainsi davantage les objectifs de la politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re am\u00e9ricaine.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lire aussi:<\/strong><\/p>\n

L’accord avec ST ne prot\u00e9gera pas Huawei mais pourrait aider<\/a><\/h3>\n

TSMC met 12 milliards de $ pour une Fab 5nm en Arizona<\/a><\/h3>\n

Trump cherche \u00e0 nouveau \u00e0 bloquer la Chine<\/a><\/h3>\n

Related links and articles: <\/strong><\/p>\n

US reconsiders restricting China’s chip supply<\/a><\/p>\n

US considers taking control of global chip exports<\/a><\/p>\n

Semiconductor industry pushes back against US export controls<\/a><\/p>\n

ST deal won’t shield Huawei, but could help<\/a><\/p>\n

Huawei stockpiling chips, expecting tighter US sanctions<\/a><\/p>\n

Analysis: TSMC ponders US wafer fab while awaiting trade rule changes<\/a><\/p>\n

US talks to Intel, TSMC about building local foundry fabs<\/a><\/p>\n

HiSilicon breaks into top ten chip vendor ranking<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vendredi 15 mai, le D\u00e9partement du commerce des \u00c9tats-Unis a annonc\u00e9 son intention de restreindre la capacit\u00e9 de Huawei \u00e0 utiliser la technologie et les logiciels EDA am\u00e9ricains pour concevoir et fabriquer ses semiconducteurs, la privant de fait de son approvisionnement en puces.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":54772,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[880],"tags":[889,920,893,891,909,894,912,895,896,897,898,899,900,901,902,903,919,892,913,904,905,906,907,908,890,916,910,917,911,914,915],"domains":[47],"ppma_author":[1144],"class_list":["post-54771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites-economiques","tag-analog-fr","tag-artificialintelligence-fr","tag-authentication-encryption-fr","tag-automotive-fr","tag-batteries-power-supplies-fr","tag-boards-embedded-cards-fr","tag-dataacquisition-fr","tag-developmentkits-fr","tag-digitalsignalprocessing-fr","tag-displays-interfaces-fr","tag-distributors-fr","tag-eda-cad-tools-fr","tag-electromechanical-fr","tag-energyharvesting-fr","tag-flexibleelectronics-fr","tag-interconnect-cables-fr","tag-iot-fr","tag-ledlighting-fr","tag-materials-processes-fr","tag-medicalelectronics-fr","tag-memory-data-storage-fr","tag-mpus-mcus-fr","tag-optoelectronics-fr","tag-plds-fpgas-asics-fr","tag-powermanagement-fr","tag-rf-transmission-fr","tag-sensing-conditioning-fr","tag-software-embedded-tools-fr","tag-testandmeasurement-fr","tag-wearables-fr","tag-wireless-communications-fr","domains-electronique-eci"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"Les 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