{"id":487492,"date":"2025-10-30T17:40:34","date_gmt":"2025-10-30T16:40:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/?p=487492"},"modified":"2025-10-30T17:40:34","modified_gmt":"2025-10-30T16:40:34","slug":"nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/","title":{"rendered":"Nordic Semiconductor simplifie la connectivit\u00e9 IoT cellulaire avec la solution nuSIM pour la s\u00e9rie nRF91"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Nordic Semiconductor, leader mondial des solutions de connectivit\u00e9 sans fil basse consommation, annonce la disponibilit\u00e9 de nuSIM pour sa s\u00e9rie nRF91 d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019IoT cellulaire. Cette solution innovante de SIM logicielle \u00e9limine le besoin d\u2019une carte SIM physique et de son support, permettant aux d\u00e9veloppeurs de r\u00e9duire la taille des appareils, simplifier la fabrication et renforcer la robustesse des conceptions IoT cellulaires.<\/h3>\n<h4>Une approche ouverte et p\u00e9renne<\/h4>\n<p>nuSIM repose sur un standard ouvert pour l\u2019iSIM, o\u00f9 les identifiants SIM sont chiffr\u00e9s et g\u00e9r\u00e9s dans une zone s\u00e9curis\u00e9e de l\u2019appareil. Fonctionnant comme un composant logiciel d\u00e9di\u00e9 au sein de l\u2019Arm TrustZone\u00ae du processeur applicatif nRF91, nuSIM supprime tout mat\u00e9riel SIM externe, r\u00e9duisant ainsi la BOM et lib\u00e9rant de l\u2019espace pr\u00e9cieux sur la carte.<\/p>\n<p>Cette solution est id\u00e9ale pour les appareils IoT d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s dans des environnements difficiles, comme les compteurs d\u2019eau ou les syst\u00e8mes d\u2019irrigation agricole, car elle \u00e9limine un point de d\u00e9faillance m\u00e9canique et prot\u00e8ge contre la corrosion et les vibrations. Le processus de provisionnement enti\u00e8rement num\u00e9rique simplifie la cha\u00eene logistique, permettant la livraison s\u00e9curis\u00e9e des profils SIM pendant la fabrication et r\u00e9duisant les co\u00fbts op\u00e9rationnels.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Oyvind Birkenes, EVP Long-Range chez Nordic Semiconductor,<\/strong> explique : \u00ab Int\u00e9grer le standard nuSIM dans nos modules nRF9151 et nRF9160 supprime la barri\u00e8re physique \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation de produits IoT cellulaires compacts, robustes et \u00e9conomiques. Les d\u00e9veloppeurs peuvent d\u00e9sormais g\u00e9rer la connectivit\u00e9 enti\u00e8rement dans le domaine num\u00e9rique, de la fabrication au d\u00e9ploiement. \u00bb<\/p>\n<h4>Int\u00e9gration fluide et s\u00e9curit\u00e9 renforc\u00e9e<\/h4>\n<p>L\u2019int\u00e9gration de nuSIM sur un module nRF91 se fait via le SDK nRF Connect et la biblioth\u00e8que d\u2019int\u00e9gration nuSIM de Redtea Mobile, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la sp\u00e9cification ouverte nuSIM. Une fois le firmware charg\u00e9, un outil logiciel pr\u00e9pare l\u2019appareil \u00e0 recevoir son profil SIM, puis se connecte \u00e0 l\u2019op\u00e9rateur pour t\u00e9l\u00e9charger et installer un profil unique. Cette impl\u00e9mentation est certifi\u00e9e par T\u00dcV Nord, garantissant les plus hauts standards de s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Oyvind Birkenes<\/strong> ajoute : \u00ab nuSIM r\u00e9duit non seulement les co\u00fbts li\u00e9s \u00e0 la SIM, mais consomme aussi moins d\u2019\u00e9nergie qu\u2019une SIM traditionnelle, prolongeant la dur\u00e9e de vie des produits IoT sur batterie. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicsemi.com\/\">Nordic Semiconductor<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nordic Semiconductor, leader mondial des solutions de connectivit\u00e9 sans fil basse consommation, annonce la disponibilit\u00e9 de nuSIM pour sa s\u00e9rie nRF91 d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019IoT cellulaire. Cette solution innovante de SIM logicielle \u00e9limine le besoin d\u2019une carte SIM physique et de son support, permettant aux d\u00e9veloppeurs de r\u00e9duire la taille des appareils, simplifier la fabrication et [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":487503,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[881],"tags":[4440,919,2010],"domains":[47],"ppma_author":[6113],"class_list":["post-487492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nouveaux-produits","tag-connectivite","tag-iot-fr","tag-sim","domains-electronique-eci"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<title>Nordic Semiconductor simplifie la connectivit\u00e9 IoT cellulaire ...<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nordic Semiconductor, leader mondial des solutions de connectivit\u00e9 sans fil basse consommation, annonce la disponibilit\u00e9 de nuSIM pour sa s\u00e9rie nRF91...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/487492\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nordic Semiconductor simplifie la connectivit\u00e9 IoT cellulaire avec la solution nuSIM pour la s\u00e9rie nRF91\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nordic Semiconductor, leader mondial des solutions de connectivit\u00e9 sans fil basse consommation, annonce la disponibilit\u00e9 de nuSIM pour sa s\u00e9rie nRF91 d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019IoT cellulaire\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/487492\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"EENewsEurope\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-30T16:40:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/ECI5149-NORD049en-Nordic-Semiconductor-simplifies-cellular-IoT-connectivity-with-nuSIM-solution-for-nRF91-Series-Press-Release-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"540\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"NicolasFeste\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"NicolasFeste\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"NicolasFeste\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/c7104a72b466a801f257e51481de0c43\"},\"headline\":\"Nordic Semiconductor simplifie la connectivit\u00e9 IoT cellulaire avec la solution nuSIM pour la s\u00e9rie nRF91\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-30T16:40:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-30T16:40:34+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/\"},\"wordCount\":427,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Connectivit\u00e9\",\"IoT\",\"SIM\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Nouveaux produits\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/\",\"name\":\"Nordic Semiconductor simplifie la connectivit\u00e9 IoT cellulaire avec la solution nuSIM pour la s\u00e9rie nRF91 -\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-30T16:40:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-30T16:40:34+00:00\",\"description\":\"Nordic Semiconductor, leader mondial des solutions de connectivit\u00e9 sans fil basse consommation, annonce la disponibilit\u00e9 de nuSIM pour sa s\u00e9rie nRF91 d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019IoT cellulaire\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Nordic Semiconductor simplifie la connectivit\u00e9 IoT cellulaire avec la solution nuSIM pour la s\u00e9rie nRF91\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/\",\"name\":\"EENewsEurope\",\"description\":\"Just another WordPress site\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"EENewsEurope\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/logo-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/logo-1.jpg\",\"width\":283,\"height\":113,\"caption\":\"EENewsEurope\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/c7104a72b466a801f257e51481de0c43\",\"name\":\"NicolasFeste\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/1ea421e7d03c1e96a9ea2bcf2705734a\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2e187f4d96902933ba445ed6c760e11c?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2e187f4d96902933ba445ed6c760e11c?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"NicolasFeste\"}}]}<\/script>","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Nordic Semiconductor simplifie la connectivit\u00e9 IoT cellulaire ...","description":"Nordic Semiconductor, leader mondial des solutions de connectivit\u00e9 sans fil basse consommation, annonce la disponibilit\u00e9 de nuSIM pour sa s\u00e9rie nRF91...","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/487492\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Nordic Semiconductor simplifie la connectivit\u00e9 IoT cellulaire avec la solution nuSIM pour la s\u00e9rie nRF91","og_description":"Nordic Semiconductor, leader mondial des solutions de connectivit\u00e9 sans fil basse consommation, annonce la disponibilit\u00e9 de nuSIM pour sa s\u00e9rie nRF91 d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019IoT cellulaire","og_url":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/487492\/","og_site_name":"EENewsEurope","article_published_time":"2025-10-30T16:40:34+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1080,"height":540,"url":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/ECI5149-NORD049en-Nordic-Semiconductor-simplifies-cellular-IoT-connectivity-with-nuSIM-solution-for-nRF91-Series-Press-Release-scaled.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"NicolasFeste","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"NicolasFeste","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/"},"author":{"name":"NicolasFeste","@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/c7104a72b466a801f257e51481de0c43"},"headline":"Nordic Semiconductor simplifie la connectivit\u00e9 IoT cellulaire avec la solution nuSIM pour la s\u00e9rie nRF91","datePublished":"2025-10-30T16:40:34+00:00","dateModified":"2025-10-30T16:40:34+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/"},"wordCount":427,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#organization"},"keywords":["Connectivit\u00e9","IoT","SIM"],"articleSection":["Nouveaux produits"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/","url":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/","name":"Nordic Semiconductor simplifie la connectivit\u00e9 IoT cellulaire avec la solution nuSIM pour la s\u00e9rie nRF91 -","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-10-30T16:40:34+00:00","dateModified":"2025-10-30T16:40:34+00:00","description":"Nordic Semiconductor, leader mondial des solutions de connectivit\u00e9 sans fil basse consommation, annonce la disponibilit\u00e9 de nuSIM pour sa s\u00e9rie nRF91 d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019IoT cellulaire","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/fr\/nordic-semiconductor-simplifie-la-connectivite-iot-cellulaire-avec-la-solution-nusim-pour-la-serie-nrf91\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Nordic Semiconductor simplifie la connectivit\u00e9 IoT cellulaire avec la solution nuSIM pour la s\u00e9rie nRF91"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/","name":"EENewsEurope","description":"Just another WordPress site","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#organization","name":"EENewsEurope","url":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/logo-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/logo-1.jpg","width":283,"height":113,"caption":"EENewsEurope"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/c7104a72b466a801f257e51481de0c43","name":"NicolasFeste","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/1ea421e7d03c1e96a9ea2bcf2705734a","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2e187f4d96902933ba445ed6c760e11c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2e187f4d96902933ba445ed6c760e11c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"NicolasFeste"}}]}},"authors":[{"term_id":6113,"user_id":39,"is_guest":0,"slug":"nicolasfeste","display_name":"NicolasFeste","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2e187f4d96902933ba445ed6c760e11c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/487492"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/39"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=487492"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/487492\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/487503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=487492"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=487492"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=487492"},{"taxonomy":"domains","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/domains?post=487492"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=487492"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}