{"id":457104,"date":"2024-07-29T16:37:18","date_gmt":"2024-07-29T14:37:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/?p=457104"},"modified":"2024-07-29T16:38:12","modified_gmt":"2024-07-29T14:38:12","slug":"les-qubits-de-spin-font-du-trampoline","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/les-qubits-de-spin-font-du-trampoline\/","title":{"rendered":"Les qubits de spin font du trampoline"},"content":{"rendered":"

Des chercheurs de QuTech ont mis au point des qubits de spin \u00e0 sauts p\u00e9rilleux pour une logique quantique universelle. Cette r\u00e9alisation pourrait permettre un contr\u00f4le efficace de vastes r\u00e9seaux de qubits semi-conducteurs.
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Les qubits bas\u00e9s sur des points quantiques sont \u00e9tudi\u00e9s dans le monde entier, car ils sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme une plateforme int\u00e9ressante pour la construction d’un ordinateur quantique. L’approche la plus r\u00e9pandue consiste \u00e0 pi\u00e9ger un seul \u00e9lectron et \u00e0 appliquer un champ magn\u00e9tique suffisamment important, ce qui permet d’utiliser le spin de l’\u00e9lectron comme un qubit et de le contr\u00f4ler \u00e0 l’aide de signaux micro-ondes.<\/p>\n

Dans ce travail, cependant, les chercheurs d\u00e9montrent qu’aucun signal micro-ondes n’est n\u00e9cessaire. Au lieu de cela, des signaux en bande de base et de petits champs magn\u00e9tiques suffisent pour obtenir un contr\u00f4le universel des qubits. Cet avantage permet de simplifier consid\u00e9rablement l’\u00e9lectronique de contr\u00f4le n\u00e9cessaire au fonctionnement des futurs processeurs quantiques.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Des qubits de spin font du trampoline pour cr\u00e9er des portes quantiques et se coupler \u00e0 d’autres qubits de spin sur la puce. Cr\u00e9dit : Studio Oostrum pour QuTech. <\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Des qubits sautillants aux qubits sombres<\/h3>\n

Pour contr\u00f4ler le spin, il faut sauter d’un point \u00e0 l’autre et disposer d’un m\u00e9canisme physique capable de le faire tourner. Initialement, la proposition de Loss et DiVincenzo utilisait un type sp\u00e9cifique d’aimant, qui s’est av\u00e9r\u00e9 difficile \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser exp\u00e9rimentalement. Le groupe de QuTech a donc opt\u00e9 pour le germanium. Ce semi-conducteur permet d\u00e9j\u00e0 de r\u00e9aliser des rotations de spin. Ceci est motiv\u00e9 par des travaux publi\u00e9s dans Nature Communications, o\u00f9 Floor van Riggelen-Doelman et Corentin D\u00e9prez du m\u00eame groupe montrent que le germanium peut servir de plateforme pour le saut de qubits de spin comme base pour faire des liens quantiques. Ils ont observ\u00e9 les premi\u00e8res indications de rotations de spin.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Les coauteurs Sasha Ivlev, Hanifa Tidjani et Chien-An Wang (de gauche \u00e0 droite) inspectant l’unit\u00e9 de traitement quantique mont\u00e9e. Cr\u00e9dit : Marc Blommaert pour QuTech. <\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Pour comprendre la diff\u00e9rence entre les qubits qui sautent et ceux qui font des sauts p\u00e9rilleux, imaginez les r\u00e9seaux de points quantiques comme un parc de trampolines, o\u00f9 les spins d’\u00e9lectrons sont comme des personnes qui sautent. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, chaque personne dispose d’un trampoline d\u00e9di\u00e9, mais elle peut sauter sur les trampolines voisins s’ils sont disponibles. Le germanium poss\u00e8de une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 unique : en sautant d’un trampoline \u00e0 l’autre, une personne subit un couple qui la fait culbuter. Cette propri\u00e9t\u00e9 permet aux chercheurs de contr\u00f4ler efficacement les qubits.<\/p>\n

Chien-An Wang, premier auteur de l’article de Science, pr\u00e9cise : \u00ab\u00a0Le germanium pr\u00e9sente l’avantage d’aligner les spins le long de diff\u00e9rentes directions dans diff\u00e9rents points quantiques\u00a0\u00bb. Il s’est av\u00e9r\u00e9 que de tr\u00e8s bons qubits peuvent \u00eatre fabriqu\u00e9s en faisant sauter des spins entre de tels points quantiques. \u00ab\u00a0Nous avons mesur\u00e9 des taux d’erreur inf\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 mille pour les portes \u00e0 un qubit et inf\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 cent pour les portes \u00e0 deux qubits.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations , cliquez ici<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Des chercheurs de QuTech ont mis au point des qubits de spin \u00e0 sauts p\u00e9rilleux pour une logique quantique universelle. Cette r\u00e9alisation pourrait permettre un contr\u00f4le efficace de vastes r\u00e9seaux de qubits semi-conducteurs. Les qubits bas\u00e9s sur des points quantiques sont \u00e9tudi\u00e9s dans le monde entier, car ils sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme une plateforme int\u00e9ressante pour […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":457033,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[883],"tags":[1603,3859,6993],"domains":[47],"ppma_author":[6199,1139],"class_list":["post-457104","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technologies","tag-quantique","tag-qubit-fr","tag-tu-delft-fr","domains-electronique-eci"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"Les qubits de spin font du trampoline ...<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Des chercheurs de QuTech ont mis au point des qubits de spin \u00e0 sauts p\u00e9rilleux pour une logique quantique universelle.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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