{"id":408734,"date":"2022-12-15T20:59:44","date_gmt":"2022-12-15T19:59:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.eenewseurope.com\/?p=408734"},"modified":"2022-12-15T21:09:02","modified_gmt":"2022-12-15T20:09:02","slug":"un-ordinateur-quantique-a-base-de-qbit-nv-dans-un-diamant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/un-ordinateur-quantique-a-base-de-qbit-nv-dans-un-diamant\/","title":{"rendered":"Un ordinateur quantique \u00e0 base de Qbit NV dans un diamant"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Les diamants sont \u00e9ternels &#8211; et ils peuvent m\u00eame faire progresser l&rsquo;informatique quantique.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Deux startups allemandes y adoptent une approche prometteuse.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Une approche technologique prometteuse pour <a title=\"l'informatique quantique\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/?s=quantique\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">l&rsquo;informatique quantique<\/a> est la r\u00e9alisation de qubits bas\u00e9s sur ce que l&rsquo;on appelle les centres de lacunes d&rsquo;azote (NV) dans le r\u00e9seau cristallin des diamants.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Cette approche est poursuivie ind\u00e9pendamment par les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de technologies SaxonQ et XeedQ (toutes deux \u00e0 Leipzig, Allemagne).<\/span><\/span> Le c<span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">entre de recherche a\u00e9rospatial allemand DLR leur a confi\u00e9 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">une mission majeure.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Les diamants parfaits consistent en un r\u00e9seau sans d\u00e9faut d&rsquo;atomes de carbone interconnect\u00e9s.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Un d\u00e9faut d&rsquo;azote est un d\u00e9sordre dans ce r\u00e9seau cristallin.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Cela peut aussi se produire naturellement.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Les diamants avec un nombre particuli\u00e8rement \u00e9lev\u00e9 d&rsquo;atomes d&rsquo;azote sont de couleur jaun\u00e2tre.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Seuls les diamants synth\u00e9tiques sont utilis\u00e9s pour d\u00e9velopper les ordinateurs quantiques.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Les atomes d&rsquo;azote introduits artificiellement dans le r\u00e9seau cristallin remplacent les atomes de carbone sur leurs sites dans le r\u00e9seau.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Lorsque ces atomes \u00e9trangers d&rsquo;azote se combinent avec un site de r\u00e9seau vide adjacent, des centres NV sont cr\u00e9\u00e9s.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p class=\"title\"><a title=\"La start-up fran\u00e7aise Siquance pour une informatique quantique made in Europe\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/la-start-up-francaise-siquance-cible-une-informatique-quantique-europeenne\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La start-up fran\u00e7aise Siquance pour une informatique quantique made in Europe<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"title-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"title\"><a title=\"Une nouvelle start-up d\u00e9di\u00e9e au calcul quantique\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/une-nouvelle-start-up-dediee-au-calcul-quantique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Une nouvelle start-up d\u00e9di\u00e9e au calcul quantique<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">\u00ab\u00a0De tels qubits ont l&rsquo;avantage de fonctionner \u00e0 temp\u00e9rature ambiante. Cela \u00e9largit consid\u00e9rablement la gamme potentielle d&rsquo;applications de ces ordinateurs quantiques. D&rsquo;autres syst\u00e8mes, tels que ceux dot\u00e9s de circuits supraconducteurs, ne peuvent fonctionner qu&rsquo;\u00e0 de tr\u00e8s basses temp\u00e9ratures\u00a0\u00bb, explique le Dr Robert Axmann.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">, CEO de DLR Quantum Computing Initiative (QCI).<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Les processeurs quantiques NV sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme l\u00e9gers et mobiles.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">A l&rsquo;avenir, leur utilisation est \u00e9galement envisageable dans des avions ou des satellites.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">C&rsquo;est pourquoi le Centre allemand de recherche a\u00e9rospatiale (DLR) s&rsquo;int\u00e9resse \u00e0 la technologie de l&rsquo;entreprise bas\u00e9e \u00e0 Leipzig et lui a attribu\u00e9 des contrats d&rsquo;une valeur totale de 57 millions d&rsquo;euros.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">L&rsquo;un des plus grands d\u00e9fis auxquels cette technologie est actuellement confront\u00e9e est de placer plusieurs centres NV appropri\u00e9s \u00e0 une courte distance l&rsquo;un de l&rsquo;autre.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Ce n&rsquo;est qu&rsquo;alors qu&rsquo;ils peuvent \u00eatre efficacement enchev\u00eatr\u00e9s les uns avec les autres, ce qui est la condition pr\u00e9alable \u00e0 un ordinateur quantique.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the biggest challenges currently facing this technology is to place several suitable NV centers a short distance apart. Only then can they be effectively entangled with each other, which is the prerequisite for a quantum computer.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SaxonQ et XeedQ: <span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">objectif similaire, approches diff\u00e9rentes<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">SaxonQ, une spin-off de l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 de Leipzig, g\u00e9n\u00e8re les centres NV juste sous la surface du cristal de diamant en utilisant une technique exclusive.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Cette approche promet une grande pr\u00e9cision dans la disposition cibl\u00e9e des centres NV.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">XeedQ, d&rsquo;autre part, organise les centres NV dans une structure tridimensionnelle dans le cristal de diamant, ce qui entra\u00eene une interaction mutuelle.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Associ\u00e9 \u00e0 une m\u00e9thode de lecture sp\u00e9ciale, cela permet de construire un ordinateur quantique \u00e9volutif.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Dans une premi\u00e8re phase du contrat DLR, un syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9monstration avec au moins quatre qubits doit \u00eatre cr\u00e9\u00e9 rapidement dans chacun des deux projets &#8211; bien que ce soit trop peu pour une utilisation pratique, cela d\u00e9montrerait la faisabilit\u00e9 pratique de cette approche.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Dans les phases ult\u00e9rieures, le d\u00e9veloppement vers des syst\u00e8mes plus grands aura lieu : apr\u00e8s quatre ans, l&rsquo;objectif est de construire des ordinateurs quantiques avec plus de 32 qubits qui sont \u00e9volutifs et corrigeables.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Tous les syst\u00e8mes seront int\u00e9gr\u00e9s et exploit\u00e9s dans les laboratoires du DLR Innovation Center \u00e0 Ulm.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Synergies avec des projets \u00e0 Ulm et Hambourg<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\">\u00a0<span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">\u00c0 Ulm et au DLR Innovation Center Hamburg, il existe des synergies \u00e9troites avec d&rsquo;autres projets de l&rsquo;initiative DLR Quantum Computing.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Un appel \u00e0 propositions sur les technologies bas\u00e9es sur le spin des atomes se concentre sur les sous-syst\u00e8mes et les technologies d&rsquo;assistance pour l&rsquo;informatique quantique bas\u00e9e sur le spin.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Les fabricants d&rsquo;ordinateurs quantiques NV b\u00e9n\u00e9ficieront de la fabrication et de la caract\u00e9risation reproductibles du mat\u00e9riel qubit sur lequel les d\u00e9veloppements se font conjointement.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">\u00ab\u00a0Le DLR construit un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me quantique dans lequel la recherche, l&rsquo;industrie et les startups se compl\u00e8tent. Ce faisant, la DLR Quantum Computing Initiative poursuit diff\u00e9rentes approches technologiques afin de les \u00e9valuer et de les utiliser pour un large \u00e9ventail d&rsquo;applications. De cette mani\u00e8re,<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">les avantages et les inconv\u00e9nients des diff\u00e9rentes architectures pour les ordinateurs quantiques peuvent \u00eatre \u00e9tudi\u00e9s \u00bb, explique le Dr Karla Loida, chef de projet de la DLR Quantum Computing Initiative.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">R\u00e9cemment, le DLR a d\u00e9j\u00e0 attribu\u00e9 des contrats pour le d\u00e9veloppement de syst\u00e8mes de pi\u00e8ges \u00e0 ions et de syst\u00e8mes photoniques.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Dans le cadre de la DLR Quantum Computing Initiative, des prototypes d&rsquo;ordinateurs quantiques de diff\u00e9rentes architectures seront construits dans les quatre prochaines ann\u00e9es.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">De plus, les technologies et applications associ\u00e9es seront d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Le DLR implique des entreprises, des start-ups et d&rsquo;autres instituts de recherche pour faire avancer conjointement les travaux.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dlr.de\/EN\/Home\/home_node.html\">https:\/\/www.dlr.de\/EN\/Home\/home_node.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saxonq.com\/\">https:\/\/saxonq.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/xeedq.com\/\">https:\/\/xeedq.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Autres articles<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"La France et les USA signent un accord sur la technologie quantique\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/la-france-et-les-usa-signent-un-accord-sur-la-technologies-quantique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La France et les USA signent un accord sur la technologie quantique<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Pasqal met l\u2019informatique quantique en ligne sur Azure\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/pasqal-met-linformatique-quantique-en-ligne-sur-azure\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pasqal met l\u2019informatique quantique en ligne sur Azure<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/creer-un-leader-de-linformatique-quantique-en-europe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cr\u00e9er un leader de l\u2019informatique quantique en Europe<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un ordinateur quantique \u00e0 base de Qbit NV dans un diamant<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":408369,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[883],"tags":[1320,1603],"domains":[47],"ppma_author":[1140],"class_list":["post-408734","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technologies","tag-informatique","tag-quantique","domains-electronique-eci"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<title>Un ordinateur quantique \u00e0 base de Qbit NV dans un diamant ...<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un ordinateur quantique \u00e0 base de Qbit NV dans un diamant et \u00e0 long terme des ordinateurs quantiques compacts et mobiles.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ecinews.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/408734\/\" \/>\n<meta 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